Author

Abstract

This paper explores the Gravitational Buckling Theory to explain the cyclical nature of the expansion and contraction of the universe, suggesting the existence of negative dimensions beyond the Big Bang. Currently, our universe resides in positive space and is expanding continuously. Introducing the concept of negative dimensions, we propose a radical theory where the universe not only expands in positive space but also contracts under the influence of gravitational forces. As expansion slows, gravity initiates accelerated contraction, ultimately reducing the universe to a tiny Big Bang sphere. Beyond the centre of this sphere lies negative space, which remains beyond the reach of current physical instruments and human comprehension. Upon reaching the Big Bang sphere's size, the universe transitions abruptly into negative space, where a new cycle begins with a violent explosion, giving birth to a new universe. The gravitational binding energy, bulk resistance energy and the kinetic energy of cosmic matter govern this cyclical process of alternating expansion and contraction between positive and negative spaces. The Gravitational Buckling Theory aims to address longstanding cosmological questions regarding the origin and cyclic nature of the universe.

Keywords

Theoretical cosmology, Cyclic universe models, Negative Dimensions, Gravitational Buckling Theory, Pre-Big Bang, Big Bang Origin.